Avec la sortie de matériel Apple Silicon plus tard dans l'année, à quoi ressemble le chemin d'accès pour que votre application Electron fonctionne sur le nouveau matériel ?
Avec la sortie d'Electron 11.0.0-beta.1, l'équipe d'Electron est maintenant en train de livrer des versions d'Electron qui fonctionnent sur le nouveau matériel Apple Silicon qu'Apple prévoit d'expédier plus tard cette année. Vous pouvez récupérer la dernière version bêta avec npm install electron@beta ou la télécharger directement à partir de notre site des versions.
Comment ça marche ?
À partir d'Electron 11, nous expédierons des versions séparées d'Electron pour les Mac Intel et Apple Silicon Macs. Prior to this change, we were already shipping two artifacts, darwin-x64 and mas-x64, with the latter being for Mac App Store compatibility usage. We are now shipping another two artifacts, darwin-arm64 and mas-arm64, which are the Apple Silicon equivalents of the aforementioned artifacts.
Que devez-vous faire ?
You will need to ship two versions of your app: one for x64 (Intel Mac) and one for arm64 (Apple Silicon). The good news is that electron-packager, electron-rebuild and electron-forge already support targeting the arm64 architecture. As long as you're running the latest versions of those packages, your app should work flawlessly once you update the target architecture to arm64.
In the future, we will release a package that allows you to "merge" your arm64 and x64 apps into a single universal binary, but it's worth noting that this binary would be huge and probably isn't ideal for shipping to users.
Update: This package is now available at @electron/universal. You can use it to merge two packaged x64 and arm64 apps into a single binary.
Problèmes potentiels
Modules natifs
Comme vous visez une nouvelle architecture, vous devrez mettre à jour plusieurs dépendances qui peuvent causer des problèmes de construction. La version minimale de certaines dépendances est incluse ci-dessous pour votre référence.
| Dependency | Version Requirement |
|---|---|
| Xcode | >=12.2.0 |
node-gyp | >=7.1.0 |
electron-rebuild | >=1.12.0 |
electron-packager | >=15.1.0 |
As a result of these dependency version requirements, you may have to fix/update certain native modules. One thing of note is that the Xcode upgrade will introduce a new version of the macOS SDK, which may cause build failures for your native modules.
Comment puis-je le tester ?
Currently, Apple Silicon applications only run on Apple Silicon hardware, which isn't commercially available at the time of writing this blog post. If you have a Developer Transition Kit, you can test your application on that. Otherwise, you'll have to wait for the release of production Apple Silicon hardware to test if your application works.
Qu’en est-il de Rosetta 2 ?
Rosetta 2 is Apple's latest iteration of their Rosetta technology, which allows you to run x64 Intel applications on their new arm64 Apple Silicon hardware. Although we believe that x64 Electron apps will run under Rosetta 2, there are some important things to note (and reasons why you should ship a native arm64 binary).
- Your app's performance will be significantly degraded. Electron / V8 uses JIT compilation for JavaScript, and due to how Rosetta works, you will effectively be running JIT twice (once in V8 and once in Rosetta).
- You lose the benefit of new technology in Apple Silicon, such as the increased memory page size.
- Avons-nous mentionné que la performance sera significativement dégradée?